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Advanced Sensors for Environment, Healthcare, and Metaverse

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Advanced Sensors for Environment, Healthcare, and Metaverse

Developing advanced sensing mechanisms for physical, chemical, and biological sensors has become increasingly important across diverse applications, from environmental monitoring to healthcare and the Metaverse. Optimizing sensor performance through the integration of composite materials and innovative structures remains a key focus for enhancing functionality. Our group has made significant strides in this area, designing high-performance, multifunctional sensors with broad applicability. These developments aim to address critical challenges in sensing efficiency, accuracy, and scalability, contributing to both current needs and emerging technological landscapes.
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2-1. Low-Power, Multi-Transduction Sensing Platforms

We have developed low-power sensor platforms that leverage multi-transduction mechanisms to detect physical and chemical changes with high accuracy [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. By optimizing material structures, these sensors offer improved sensitivity and selectivity for real-time environmental monitoring and industrial safety applications. Using MEMS technology, the integration of nanomaterials like ZnO and CuO allows for low-cost, scalable production with minimal energy consumption. These platforms are designed to operate effectively in harsh environments, ensuring robust performance in detecting hazardous gases and other critical parameters.

  • [1] I. Cho†, K. Lee†, Y. C. Sim, J. Jeong, M. Cho, H. Jung, M. Kang, Y. H. Cho, S. C. Ha, K. Yoon*, Inkyu Park*, “Deep-learning-based gas identification by time-variant illumination of a single micro-LED-embedded gas sensor”, Light: Science & Applications, 12, 95, Apr. 2023.
  • [2] I. Cho†, Y. C. Sim†, K. Lee†, M. Cho, J. Park, M. Kang, K. S. Chang, C. B. Jeong, Y. H. Cho*, I. Park*, “Nanowatt-level photoactivated gas sensor based on fully-integrated visible microLED and plasmonic nanomaterials”, Small, 2207165, Mar. 2023,
  • [3] T. Kim†, T.H. Lee†, S.Y. Park†, T.H. Eom†, I. Cho, Y. Kim, C. Kim, S.A. Lee, M.-J. Choi, J.M. Suh, I.-S. Hwang, D. Lee*, I. Park*, H.W. Jang*, “Drastic Gas Sensing Selectivity in 2-Dimensional MoS2 Nanoflakes by Noble Metal Decoration”, ACS Nano, 17, 5, 4404-4413, Feb. 2023,
  • [4] K. Lee, I. Cho, M. Kang, J. Jeong, M. Choi, K. Y. Woo, K. Yoon*, Y. H. Cho*, I. Park*, “Ultra-low Power E-nose System based on Multi Micro-LED-Integrated, Nanostructured Gas Sensors and Deep Learning”, ACS Nano, 17, 539-551, Jan, 2023
  • [5] D.D. Orbe†, M. Kang†, I. Cho, J. Choi, J. Park, O. Gul, J. Ahn, D.-S. Lee*, I. Park*, “Low-Power, Multi-Transduction Nanosensor Array for Accurate Sensing of Flammable and Toxic Gases”, Small Methods, 2201352, Jan. 2023,
  • [6] D.D. Orbe, I.Cho, H.Yang, J.Choi, M.Kang, K.Chang, C.Jeong, S.Han, I.Park* “Pt Nanostructures Fabricated by Local Hydrothermal Synthesis for Low-Power Catalytic-Combustion Hydrogen Sensors”, ACS Applied Nano Materials, 4, 7-12, Dec, 2020.

  • Figure 1. Low-Power, Multi-Transduction Sensing Platforms. (1) micro-LED-embedded gas sensor that uses time-variant illumination (I. Park, et al., Light: Science & Applications, 2023). (2) ultra-low-power electronic nose (E-nose) system that integrates multiple micro-LEDs with nanostructured gas sensors (I. Park, et al., ACS Nano, 2023.). (3) nanowatt-level photoactivated gas sensor that integrates visible microLEDs with plasmonic nanomaterials, enabling highly sensitive gas detection at extremely low power consumption (I. Park, et al., Small, 2023).
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2-2. Wireless, Battery-Free Sensing for Healthcare

In healthcare, we have introduced advanced wireless, battery-free sensors embedded in smart wound dressings. These devices utilize optimized composite materials to enhance both sensing capabilities and wound healing, enabling continuous, real-time monitoring of bio-signals with minimal discomfort for the patient [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. The integration of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology facilitates power supply and data transmission, providing a seamless, user-friendly experience. These sensors not only improve patient care but also reduce the burden on healthcare systems by enabling remote diagnostics and timely interventions.

  • [7] H. Han†, H. Park†, S. Cho†, S.U. Lee, J. Choi, J.H. Ha, J. Park, Y. Jung, H. Kim, J. Ahn, Y.J. Kwon, Y.S. Oh*, M. Je*, I. Park*, “Battery-free, Wireless Multi-modal Sensor and Actuator Array System for Pressure Injury Prevention”, Small, 2024
  • [8] J.-H. Ha, J. Ko, J. Ahn, Y. Jeong, J. Ahn, S. Hwang, S. Jeon, D. Kim, S. A. Park, J. Gu, J. Choi, H. Han, C. Han, B. Kang, B.-H. Kang, S. Cho, Y.J. Kwon, C. Kim, S. Choi, G.-D. Sim, J.-H. Jeong*, and I. Park*, “Nanotransfer Printing of Functional Nanomaterials on Electrospun Fibers for Wearable Healthcare Applications”, Advanced Functional Materials, 2401404, Apr. 2024
  • [9] S. Cho†, J.-H. Ha†, J. Ahn, H. Han, Y. Jeong, S. Jeon, S. Hwang, J. Choi, Y. S. Oh, D. Kim, S. A. Park, D. Lee, J. Ahn, B. Kang, B.-H. Kang, J.-H. Jeong*, and I. Park*, “Wireless, Battery-free, Optoelectronic Diagnostic Sensor Integrated Colorimetric Dressing for Advanced Wound Care”, Advanced Functional Materials, 2316196, Mar. 2024
  • [10] J.-H. Ha, Y. Jeong, J. Ahn, S. Hwang, S. Jeon, D. Kim, J. Ko, B. Kang, Y. Jung, J. Choi, H. Han, J. Gu, S. Cho, H. Kim, M. Bok, S.A. Park, J.-H. Jeong*, and I Park*, “Wearable Colorimetric Sweat pH Sensor-based Smart Textile for Health State Diagnosis”, Materials Horizons, Jun. 2023
  • [11] S. Kim†, Y. S. Oh†, K. Lee, S. Kim, W-Y. Maeng, K. S. Kim, G-B. Kim, S. Cho, H. Han, H. Park, M. Wang, R. Avila, Z. Xie, K. Ko, J. Choi, M. Je, H. Lee, S. Lee, J. Koo*, I. Park*, “Battery-free, wireless, cuff-type, multimodal physical sensor for continuous temperature and strain monitoring of nerve”, Small, 19, 2206839, Apr. 2023
  • [12] S. Cho, H. Han, H. Park, S.-U. Lee, J.-H. Kim, S.W. Jeon, M. Wang, R. Avila, Z. Xie, K. Ko, M. Park, J. Lee, M. Choi, J.-S. Lee, W.G. Min, B.-J. Lee, S. Lee, J. Choi, J. Gu, J. Park, M.S. Kim, J. Ahn, O. Gul, C. Han, K. Lee, S. Kim, K. Kim, J. Kim, C.-M. Kang, J. Koo, S.S. Kwak, S. Kim, D.Y. Choi, S. Jeon, H.J. Sung, Y.B. Park, Y.T. Choi, M. Je, Y.S. Oh*, I. Park*, “Battery-free, Wireless, Multimodal Sensors for Continuous Measurement of Pressure, Temperature, and Hydration of Paraplegic patients”, npj Flexible Electronics, 7, 8, Feb. 2023, 과제사사: 중견(2021).

  • Figure 2. Battery-free, wireless multimodal sensor system (1) multi-modal sensor and actuator array system (I. Park, et al., Small, 2024). (2) battery-free, wireless, cuff-type multimodal physical sensor designed for continuous monitoring of temperature and strain in nerves (I. Park, et al., Small, 2023). (3) multimodal sensor system designed for continuous monitoring of pressure, temperature, and hydration in paraplegic patients (I. Park, et al., npj Flexible Electronics, 2023). (4) sensor array utilizing ionic liquids to monitor both pressure and temperature for patients in beds and wheelchairs (I. Park, et al., Small, 2022).
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2-3. Immersive Sensor Applications in the Metaverse

Our work in the Metaverse integrates wearable sensors that track vital signs and seamlessly merge physical data with virtual environments. By refining material design and sensor structures, these systems offer enhanced performance for telemedicine, fitness, and entertainment, providing a fully immersive and interactive experience [13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]. The integration of physiological monitoring with digital avatars allows users to experience personalized feedback in real time, improving the quality of virtual interactions. These advancements pave the way for new forms of communication, collaboration, and health management within the rapidly expanding Metaverse.

  • [13] J. Gu, Y. Jung, J. Ahn, J. Ahn, J. Choi, B. Kang, Y. Jeong, J.-H. Ha, T. Kim, Y. Jung, J. Park, S. Ryu, I. Lee, I. Park*, “Auxetic Kirigami Structure-Based Self-Powered Strain Sensor with Customizable Performance using Machine Learning”, Nano Energy,
  • [14] J. Ko†, G. Kim†, I. Kim, S. H. Hwang, S. Jeon, J. Ahn, Y. Jeong, J.-H. Ha, H. Heo, J.-H. Jeong*, I. Park*, J. Rho*, “Metasurface-Embedded Contact Lenses for Holographic Light Projection”, Advanced Science,
  • [15] J. Ahn†, S. P. Sasikala†, Y. Jeong†, J. G. Kim, J.-H. Han, S. H. Hwang, S. Jeon, J. Choi, B.-H. Kang, J. Ahn, J.-H. Jeong*, S. O. Kim*, and I. Park*, “High-Energy-Density Fiber Supercapacitors Based on Transition Metal Oxide Nanoribbon Yarns for Comprehensive Wearable Electronics”, Advanced Fiber Materials,
  • [16] L. Wu, X. Li, J. Choi, Z-J. Zhao, L. Qian, B. Yu, and I. Park, “Beetle-inspired gradient slant structures for capacitive pressure sensor with a broad linear response range”, Advanced Functional Materials, 2312370, February 2024
  • [17] L. Wu, J. Ahn, J. Choi, X. Li, O. Gul, Z.-J. Zhao, L. Qian, B. Yu,* I. Park*, “Customizable self-powered pressure sensor based on piezo-transmittance of tilted structures”, Nano Energy, 109, 108299, May. 2023,
  • [18] M. S. Kim†, Y. Lee†, J. Ahn†, S. Kim, K. Kang, H. Lim, B.-S. Bae*, I. Park* “Skin-like Omnidirectional Stretchable Platform with Negative Poisson’s Ratio for Wearable Strain–Pressure Simultaneous Sensor”, Advanced Functional Materials, 33, 2208792, Nov. 2022.

  • Figure 3. Immersive Sensor Applications.(1) Self-powered strain sensor based on an auxetic kirigami structure (I. Park, et al., Nano Energy, 2024) (2) metasurface-embedded contact lenses designed for holographic light projection (I. Park, et al., Advanced Science, 2024) . (3) customizable self-powered pressure sensor based on the piezo-transmittance effect of tilted structures (I. Park, et al., Nano Energy, 2023) (4) skin-like, omnidirectional stretchable platform featuring a negative Poisson’s ratio (I. Park, et al., Advanced Functional Materials, 2022).